This research project focuses on understanding the adaptation of rural agricultural communities in the Kilimanjaro region to changing weather patterns, particularly through the use of water pumps for irrigation. By employing qualitative approaches and laboratory tests, the study aims to assess the effectiveness of water pumps in facilitating year-round farming and identify associated challenges. The primary goal is to explore the implications of water pumping for irrigation on underground water quality and scarcity, as well as to examine opportunities for community participation in sustainable underground water management.

Food insecurity is a major problem for refugees in Uganda, as most households rely on food aid and agriculture for sustenance and income. Any disruption to food production plunges many refugees into dire circumstances. This is a constant problem as much of the food production in refugee settlements relies on non-mechanized farming methods, which are at the mercy of climate change.